工程技术

How Linux Works:Router

摘要

  • 编辑中
  • 路由协议
  • router based linux kernel

BASIC

BASIC Commands

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route -n
# To Host
route add -host [ip] dev eth0
route add -host [ip] gw [ip]
# To Network
route add -net [ip] netmask [mask]
route del -net [ip] netmask [mask] gw [......]
# default route
route add default gw [......]

OpenSource Routing Projects

What is Quagga?

Quagga is a routing software suite, providing implementations of OSPFv2, OSPFv3, RIP v1 and v2, RIPng and BGP-4 for Unix platforms, particularly FreeBSD, Linux, Solaris and NetBSD. Quagga is a fork of GNU Zebra which was developed by Kunihiro Ishiguro.

The Quagga architecture consists of a core daemon, zebra, which acts as an abstraction layer to the underlying Unix kernel and presents the Zserv API over a Unix or TCP stream to Quagga clients. It is these Zserv clients which typically implement a routing protocol and communicate routing updates to the zebra daemon. Existing Zserv implementations are:

IPv4 IPv6 desc
zebra zebra kernel interface, static routes, zserv server
ripd ripngd RIPv1/RIPv2 for IPv4 and RIPng for IPv6
ospfd ospf6d OSPFv2 and OSPFv3
bgpd bgpd BGPv4+ (including address family support for multicast and IPv6)
isisd isisd IS-IS with support for IPv4 and IPv6
vtysh vtysh shell tools

Zebra

Zebra 是一个 TPC/IP 路由软件，支持 BGP、OSPF、RIP 和 RIPng。它遵循 GNU 通用公共许可协议，可以运行于 Linux 操作系统上（在 Red Hat 中已经附带了 Zebra 的 RPM 安装包）。

最初的 Zebra 软件包由 Kunihiro Ishiguro 和 Yoshinari Yoshikawa 于1996年完成。现在主要由 IP Infusion 及开源志愿者维持。

Zebra 采用模块的方法来管理协议。可以根据网络需要启用或者禁用协议。此外，Zebra 的配置同 Cisco IOS 极其类似，这一点对于已经熟悉 Cisco 的网络工程师来说非常方便。

Zebra is a multi-server routing software which provides TCP/IP based routing protocols. Zebra turns your machine into a full powered router. Some of the features of Zebra include:

  • Common routing protocols such as RIP, OSPF, BGP supported.
  • IPv6 routing protocols such as RIPng and BGP-4+ supported.
  • User can dynamically change configuration from terminal interface.
  • User can use command line completion and history in terminal interface.
  • IP address based filtering, AS path based filtering, attribute modification by route map are supported.

Supported Platforms

操作系统支持:

  • GNU/Linux
  • FreeBSD/NetBSD/OpenBSD

IPv6 支持:

  • NRL IPv6
  • KAME
  • INRIA IPv6

Quagga ABC

Quagga daemons are each configurable via a network accessible CLI (called a ‘vty’). The CLI follows a style similar to that of other routing software. There is an additional tool included with Quagga called ‘vtysh’, which acts as a single cohesive front-end to all the daemons, allowing one to administer nearly all aspects of the various Quagga daemons in one place.

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# The default location

/usr/local/sbin/zebra

/usr/local/etc/zebra.conf

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